The “Education Philosophy” reading passage is a frequent topic in IELTS Reading, exploring shifting perspectives on childhood and education throughout history. This article by ECE English not only deciphers the complex philosophies of Locke, Rousseau, Pestalozzi, and Froebel but also equips you with detailed test-taking strategies, key academic vocabulary, and a comprehensive answer key to maximize your IELTS Reading score.
Education Philosophy
A
Although we lack accurate statistics about child mortality in the pre-industrial period, we do have evidence that in the 1660s, the mortality rate for children who died within 14 days of birth was as much as 30 percent. Nearly all families suffered some premature death. Since all parents expected to bury some of their children, they found it difficult to invest in their newborn children. Moreover, to protect themselves from the emotional consequences of children’s death, parents avoided making any emotional commitment to an infant. It is no wonder that we find mothers leaving their babies in gutters or referring to the death in the same paragraph as a reference to pickles.
B
The 18th century witnessed the transformation from an agrarian economy to an industrial one – one of the vital social changes taking place in the Western world. An increasing number of people moved from their villages and small towns to big cities where life was quite different. Social supports




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